Easy Way to Happiness

A wildlife habitat consists of a combination of food, water, shelter, and space arranged to meet the needs of wildlife. All yards, no matter how large or small, can be landscaped to attract small animals, birds, butterflies, and beneficial insects. Trees, shrubs, and other plants can provide both shelter and food for your local wildlife.

The plants you use to provide food and cover will play a large part in determining the specific wildlife species that might be attracted to your backyard. Adding nesting boxes, feeders, and watering sites, such as fountains and garden ponds, can greatly improve the habitat.

Planning is necessary for attractive and productive wildlife habitat. You have both a horizontal area to work with — the size of your lot — as well as a vertical area that stretches from your soil to the treetops. The vertical area is composed of the canopy formed by the tallest tree branches; understory vegetation consisting of smaller trees, shrubs, and vines; the floor which is often dominated by low-growing plants (grasses, flowers, etc.) and the basement where a wide range of organisms live in the soil. Different wildlife species live in each of these zones, so numerous habitats can be provided on a small piece of land.

Trees and shrubs are the backbone of any landscaping design. But they are also important for wildlife shelter. Many tree and shrub species are excellent sources of food for wildlife. Proper selection of plantings can meet both the aesthetic needs of the homeowner and the food and shelter needs of wildlife. Remember that you are are also part of the habitat!

Native and non-native plants Native plants are more helpful to a wildlife habitat than non-native exotic plants. They generally require less fertilizer, less water, and less effort in pest control. Native plants are especially important to native wildlife. Pollinators, such as birds, bees and other beneficial insects may have co-evolved with a particular native plant species. Pollinators often depend upon a certain type of flower as a food source, while the flower depends on the pollinator to transport its pollen to other flowers for reproduction.

Non-native plants in a backyard habitat can damage the delicate balance of the local ecosystem. All too often they can even crowd out native species to the point of extinction. Local wildlife benefit more when native plants remain in place, or are restored to their natural habitats, thus providing the best source of food for local animals.

When you begin developing your habitat you may want to consider including garden water fountains or garden waterfallsto make your backyard more appealing not only for you and your family but also for your local wildlife.